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Publikasjoner om diarésykdom

Diaresykdom er meget vanlig i tropiske strøk og er den nest vanligste årsak til småbarnsdød i verden. Det forekommer også ofte hos reisende til tropiske områder.

Ved tropesenteret drives forskning på årsaker og interaksjoner mellom mikrober ved småbarnsdiare i Etiopia og Tanzania. I Etiopia gjør vi studier av point-of-care diagnostikk av Cryptosporidium og langvarig diare.

I flere år har vi fulgt en kohort av personer som fikk langvarige mageplager og tretthet etter Giardia-infeksjon etter utbrudd i Bergen, og spesielt fokus har vært på immunresponser mot Giardia hos mennesker.

Sammen med St.Olavs hospital og Ullevål samles inn materiale for å analysere genetisk variasjon av Giardia som er refraktær mot metronidazol behandling.

I samarbeid med Senter for internasjonal helse, UiB har vi utviklet en human modell for utprøving av vaksine mot enterotoxicogen E. coli (ETEC) og utforsker vert-mikrobe interaksjonen ved ETEC infeksjon.

Publikasjoner​

Emberland KE, Wensaas KA, Litleskare S, Larsen L, Morch K, Ruths S, Rortveit G. Antibiotics for gastroenteritis in general practice and out-of-hour services in Norway 2006-15. Fam Pract. 2022 Jan 19;39(1):19-25. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmab080. PMID: 34263906

Porter CK, Detizio KJ, Maier N, Testa KJ, Talaat KR, Chen WH, Lyon CE, Gutierrez RL, Frenck R, Isidean SD, Kaminski RW, Alcala AN, Hanevik K, Sawe F, Kirkpatrick BD, Louis Bourgeois A. A site assessment tool for inpatient controlled human infection models for enteric disease pathogens​​​. Clin Trials. 2022 Feb;19(1):116-118. PMID: 34708664.​

Campbell SM, Pettersen FO, Brekke H, Hanevik K, Robertson LJ. Transition to PCR diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis in the Norwegian healthcare system: could the increase in reported cases be due to higher sensitivity or a change in the testing algorithm? Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022 May;41(5):835-839. doi: 10.1007/s10096-022-04426-3

Hanevik K, Saghaug C, Aaland M, Morch K, Langeland N. No difference in serum levels of B-cell activating receptor and antibodies against cytolethal distending toxin B and flagellin in post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue syndrom after Giardia infection.​ JGH Open. 2022 Mar 14;6(3):185-188. doi: 10.1002/jgh3.12724

Ihara S, Miyamoto Y, Le CHY, Tran VN, Hanson EM, Fischer M, Hanevik K, Eckmann L. Conserved metabolic enzymes as vaccine antigens for giardiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022 Apr 25;16(4):e0010323. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010323. PMID: 35468132

Johansen ØH, Abdissa A, Zangenberg M, Mekonnen Z, Eshetu B, Sharew B, Moyo S, Sommerfelt H, Langeland N, Robertson LJ, Hanevik K. A comparison of risk factors for cryptosporidiosis and non-cryptosporidiosis diarrhoea: A case-case-control study in Ethiopian children​. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022 Jun 6;16(6):e0010508. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010508. PMID: 35666717

​​Johansen ØH, Abdissa A, Bjørang O, Zangenberg M, Sharew B, Alemu Y, Moyo S, Mekonnen Z, Langeland N, Robertson LJ, Hanevik K. Oocyst Shedding Dynamics in Children with Cryptosporidiosis: a Prospective Clinical Case Series in Ethiopia. Microbiol Spectr. 2022 Jun 14:e0274121. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.02741-21. PMID: 35699433.

Saghaug CS, Gamlem AL, Hauge KB, Vahokoski J, Klotz C, Aebischer T, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Genetic diversity in the metronidazole metabolism genes nitroreductases and pyruvate ferredoxin oxidoreductases in susceptible and refractory clinical samples of Giardia lamblia. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist. 2022 Dec 21;21:51-60. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2022.12.003. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36682328

Mortensen N, Jonasson SA, Lavesson IV, Emberland KE, Litleskare S, Wensaas KA, Rortveit G, Langeland N, Hanevik K.  PLoS One. 2021 Mar 23;16(3):e0248464. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248464. PMID: 33755697

Emberland KE, Wensaas KA, Litleskare S, Iversen A, Hanevik K, Langeland N, Rortveit G. Clinical features of gastroenteritis during a large waterborne Campylobacter outbreak in Askøy, Norway. Infection. 2021 Jul 3. doi: 10.1007/s15010-021-01652-3. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34215942.

Neumayr A, Schunk M, Theunissen C, Van Esbroeck M, Mechain M, Hatz C, Mørch K, Soriano Pérez MJ, Sydow V, Sothmann P, Kuenzli E, Rothe C, Bottieau E. Efficacy and tolerability of quinacrine monotherapy and albendazole plus chloroquine combination therapy in nitroimidazole-refractory giardiasis: a TropNet study. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 20;73(8):1517-1523

Hunskar GS, Rortveit G, Litleskare S, Eide GE, Hanevik K, Langeland N, Wensaas KA. Prevalence of fibromyalgia 10 years after infection with Giardia lamblia: a controlled prospective cohort study. Scand J Pain. 2021 Oct 22.

Porter CK, Detizio KJ, Maier N, Testa KJ, Talaat KR, Chen WH, Lyon CE, Gutierrez RL, Frenck R, Isidean SD, Kaminski RW, Alcala AN, Hanevik K, Sawe F, Kirkpatrick BD, Louis Bourgeois A. A site assessment tool for inpatient controlled human infection models for enteric disease pathogens. Clin Trials. 2021 Oct 28:17407745211052473.​

Riaz S, Steinsland H, Thorsing M, Andersen AZ, Boysen A, Hanevik K. Characterization of Glycosylation-Specific Systemic and Mucosal IgA Antibody Responses to Escherichia coli Mucinase YghJ (SslE). Front Immunol. 2021 Dec 17;12:760135. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.760135. PMID: 34975849

Saghaug CS, Klotz C, Kallio JP, Aebischer T, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Genetic Diversity of the Flavohemoprotein Gene of Giardia lamblia: Evidence for High Allelic Heterozygosity and Copy Number Variation. Infect Drug Resist. 2020 Dec 18;13:4531-4545. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S274543. PMID: 33376360

Johansen ØH, Abdissa A, Zangenberg M, Mekonnen Z, Eshetu B, Bjørang O, Alemu Y, Sharew B, Langeland N, Robertson LJ, Hanevik K. Performance and operational feasibility of two diagnostic tests for cryptosporidiosis in children (CRYPTO-POC): a clinical, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Dec 3:S1473-3099(20)30556-9. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30556-9.

Riaz S, Steinsland H, Hanevik K. Human Mucosal IgA Immune Responses against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Pathogens. 2020 Aug 29;9(9):714. doi: 10.3390/pathogens9090714.

Mørch K, Hanevik K. Giardiasis treatment: an update with a focus on refractory disease. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2020 Aug 17.

Martínez C, Lasitschka F, Thöni C, Wohlfarth C, Braun A, Granzow M, Röth R, Dizdar V, Rappold GA, Hausken T, Langeland N, Hanevik K, Niesler B. Comparative expression profiling in the intestine of patients with Giardia-induced postinfectious functional gastrointestinal disorders. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020 May 11:e13868.​

Sakkestad ST, Steinsland H, Skrede S, Lillebø K, Skutlaberg DH, Guttormsen AB, Zavialov A, Paavilainen S, Søyland H, Sævik M, Heien AR, Tellevik MG, Barry E, Langeland N, Sommerfelt H, Hanevik K. A new human challenge model for testing heat-stable toxin-based vaccine candidates for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea - dose optimization, clinical outcomes, and CD4+ T cell responses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2019 Oct 30;13(10):e0007823. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007823

Zangenberg M, Johansen ØH, Abdissa A, Eshetu B, Kurtzhals JAL, Friis H,
Sommerfelt H, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Prolonged and persistent diarrhoea is not restricted to children with acute malnutrition: an observational study in Ethiopia. Trop Med Int Health. 2019 Jul 20.

Todnem Sakkestad S, Steinsland H, Skrede S, Kleppa E, Lillebø K, Sævik M,
Søyland H, Rykkje Heien A, Gjerde Tellevik M, Barry EM, Sommerfelt H, Hanevik K. Experimental Infection of Human Volunteers with the Heat-Stable Enterotoxin-Producing Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strain TW11681. Pathogens. 2019 Jun 22;8(2). pii: E84.

Christina S Saghaug CS, Klotz C, Kallio JP, Brattbakk HR, Stokowy T, Aebischer T, Kursula I, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Genetic variation in metronidazole metabolism and oxidative stress pathways in clinicalGiardia lamblia assemblage A and B isolates. Infection and Drug Resistance 2019:12 1221–1235

Davids BJ, Liu CM, Hanson EM, Le C, Ang J, Hanevik K, Fischer M, Radunovic M, Langeland N, Ferella M, Svärd SG, Ghassemian M, Miyamoto Y, Eckmann L. Identification of conserved candidate vaccine antigens inthe surface proteome of Giardia lamblia. Infect Immun. 2019 Apr 8. pii: IAI.00219-19

Litleskare S, Rortveit G, Eide GE, Emberland KE, Hanevik K, Langeland N, Wensaas KA. Quality of life and its association with irritable bowel syndrome and fatigue ten years after giardiasis. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2019 Feb 14:e13559

Hanevik K, Chen WH, Talaat KR, Porter C, Bourgeois L. The way forward for ETEC controlled human infection models (CHIMs). Vaccine. 2019 Jan 29.

Dizdar V, Hausken T, Larum OD, Gilja OH, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Prolonged duodenal mucosal lymphocyte alterations in patients with and without post infectious functional gastrointestinal disorders after Giardia infection. J Infect Dis. 2018 epub Nov 30.

Lalle M & Hanevik K. Treatment-refractory giardiasis: challenges and solutions. Infection and Drug Resistance. 2018:11 1921–1933

Vedøy OB, Hanevik K, Sakkestad ST, Sommerfelt H, Steinsland H. Proliferation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strain TW11681 in stools of experimentally infected human volunteers. Gut Pathog. 2018 Oct 16;10:46.

Hanevik K, Wik E, Langeland N, Hausken T. Transient elevation of anti-transglutaminase and anti-endomysium antibodies in Giardia infection. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2018 Jun 16:1-4. doi: 10.1080/00365521.2018.1481522.

Escobedo AA, Almirall P, Hanevik K, Cimerman S, Rodríguez-Morales AJ, Almanza C, Auza-Santivañez J. Giardiasis: a diagnosis that should be considered regardless of the setting. Epidemiol Infect. 2018 Jun 11:1-3. doi: 10.1017/S0950268818001504.

Hjøllo T, Bratland E, Steinsland H, Radunovic M, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Longitudinal cohort study of serum antibody responses towards Giardia lamblia variant-specific surface proteins in a non-endemic area. Exp Parasitol. 2018 Jun  14. pii: S0014-4894(18)30081-X. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.06.005.

Litleskare S, Rortveit G, Eide GE, Hanevik K, Langeland N, Wensaas KA. Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Chronic Fatigue 10 Years after Giardia Infection. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018 Jan 25. pii: S1542-3565(18)30088-0. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.01.022.

Radunovic M, Klotz C, Saghaug CS, Brattbakk HR, Aebischer T, Langeland N, Hanevik K.   Genetic variation in potential Giardia vaccine candidates cyst wall protein 2 and α1-giardin. Parasitol Res. 2017 Jun 3. doi: 10.1007/s00436-017-5516-9.

Moyo SJ, Kommedal Ø, Blomberg B, Hanevik K, Gjerde Tellevik M, Maselle SY, Langeland N. Comprehensive analysis of prevalence, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of mono- infections and co-infections in diarrhoeal diseases in children in Tanzania. Am J Epidemiol. 2017 May 24. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwx173.

Hanevik K. Giardia lamblia – pathogen or commensal? Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Sep 15;63(6):798-9. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw392. PubMed PMID:
27313270

Wensaas KA, Hanevik K, Hausken T, Eide GE, Langeland N, Mørch K, Rortveit G. Postinfectious and sporadic functional gastrointestinal disorders have different prevalences and rates of overlap: results from a controlled cohort study 3 years after acute giardiasis. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2016 May 18. doi: 10.1111/nmo.12856. PMID: 27189227

Litleskare S, Wensaas KA, Eide GE, Hanevik K, Kahrs GE, Langeland N, Rortveit G. Perceived food intolerance and irritable bowel syndrome in a population 3 years after a giardiasis-outbreak: a historical cohort study. BMC Gastroenterol. 2015 Nov 19;15:164. doi: 10.1186/s12876-015-0393-0. PMID: 26585714 

Tellevik MG, Moyo SJ, Blomberg B, Hjøllo T, Maselle SY, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum/hominis, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia among Young Children with and without Diarrhea in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Oct 9;9(10):e0004125.

Robertson LJ, Tysnes KR, Hanevik K, Langeland N, Mørch K, Hausken T, Nygård K. Dogs as the source of Giardia in Bergen in 2004 – barking up the wrong tree?  Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2015 Oct 20;135(19):1718-20. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.0883. PMID: 26486664

Tellevik MG, Moyo SJ, Blomberg B, Hjøllo T, Maselle SY, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum/hominis, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia among Young Children with and without Diarrhea in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Oct 9;9(10):e0004125. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004125. PMID: 26452235

Saghaug CS, Sørnes S, Peirasmaki D, Svärd S, Langeland N, Hanevik K. Human Memory CD4+ T Cell Immune Responses against Giardia lamblia. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2015 Sep 16;23(1):11-8. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00419-15. PMID: 26376930

Hanevik K, Bakken R, Brattbakk HR, Saghaug CS, Langeland N. Whole genome sequencing of clinical isolates of Giardia lamblia. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015 Feb;21(2):192.e1-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2014.08.014. PMID:25596782

Persson R, Wensaas KA, Hanevik K, Eide GE, Langeland N, Rortveit G. The relationship between irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, chronic fatigue and overactive bladder syndrome: a controlled study 6 years after acute gastrointestinal infection. BMC Gastroenterol. 2015 Jun 10;15:66. doi: 10.1186/s12876-015-0296-0.PMID: 26058591

Johansen OH, Hanevik K, Thrana F, Carlson A, Stachurska-Hagen T, Skaare D, Robertson LJ. Symptomatic and asymptomatic secondary transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum following two related outbreaks in schoolchildren. Epidemiol Infect. 2014 Sep 30:1-8.

Moyo SJ, Hanevik K, Blomberg B, Kommedal O, Nordbø SA, Maselle S, Langeland N. Prevalence and molecular characterisation of human adenovirus in diarrhoeic children in Tanzania; a case control study. BMC Infect Dis. 2014 Dec 12;14:666. doi: 10.1186/s12879-014-0666-1.

Moyo S, Hanevik K, Blomberg B, Kommedal O, Vainio K, Maselle S, Langeland N.Genetic diversity of norovirus in hospitalised diarrhoeic children and asymptomatic controls in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Infect Genet Evol. 2014 Aug;26:340-7. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.06.013. Epub 2014 Jun 21.

Moyo SJ, Blomberg B, Hanevik K, Kommedal O, Vainio K, Maselle SY, Langeland N. Genetic diversity of circulating rotavirus strains in Tanzania prior to the introduction of vaccination. PLoS One. 2014 May 20;9(5):e97562. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097562. eCollection 2014

Skrede S, Steinsland H, Sommerfelt H, Aase A, Brandtzaeg P, Langeland N, Cox RJ, Sævik M, Wallevik M, Skutlaberg DH, Tellevik MG, Sack DA, Nataro JP, Guttormsen AB. Experimental infection of healthy volunteers with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli wild-type strain TW10598 in a hospital ward . BMC Infect Dis. 2014 Sep 4;14(1):482. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-482.

Hanevik K, Alvsvåg JO, Sund KK. En ung kvinne med langvarig diare og slapphet. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2014; 134:189 – 92

Escobedo AA, Hanevik K, Almirall P, Cimerman S, Alfonso M. Management of chronic Giardia infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2014 Sep;12(9):1143-57. doi: 10.1586/14787210.2014.942283.

Hanevik K, Wensaas KA, Rortveit G, Eide GE, Mørch K, Langeland N. Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Chronic Fatigue 6 Years After Giardia Infection: A Controlled Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Aug 12. pii: ciu629.

Johansen OH, Hanevik K, Thrana F, Carlson A, Stachurska-Hagen T, Skaare D, Robertson LJ. Symptomatic and asymptomatic secondary transmission of Cryptosporidium parvum following two related outbreaks in schoolchildren. Epidemiol Infect. 2014 Sep 30:1-8.

Moyo SJ, Hanevik K, Blomberg B, Kommedal O, Nordbø SA, Maselle S, Langeland N. Prevalence and molecular characterisation of human adenovirus in diarrhoeic children in Tanzania; a case control study. BMC Infect Dis. 2014 Dec 12;14:666. doi: 10.1186/s12879-014-0666-1.

Moyo S, Hanevik K, Blomberg B, Kommedal O, Vainio K, Maselle S, Langeland N.Genetic diversity of norovirus in hospitalised diarrhoeic children and asymptomatic controls in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Infect Genet Evol. 2014 Aug;26:340-7. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.06.013. Epub 2014 Jun 21.

Moyo SJ, Blomberg B, Hanevik K, Kommedal O, Vainio K, Maselle SY, Langeland N. Genetic diversity of circulating rotavirus strains in Tanzania prior to the introduction of vaccination. PLoS One. 2014 May 20;9(5):e97562. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097562. eCollection 2014

Skrede S, Steinsland H, Sommerfelt H, Aase A, Brandtzaeg P, Langeland N, Cox RJ, Sævik M, Wallevik M, Skutlaberg DH, Tellevik MG, Sack DA, Nataro JP, Guttormsen AB. Experimental infection of healthy volunteers with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli wild-type strain TW10598 in a hospital ward . BMC Infect Dis. 2014 Sep 4;14(1):482. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-482.

Hanevik K, Alvsvåg JO, Sund KK. En ung kvinne med langvarig diare og slapphet. Tidsskr Nor Legeforen 2014; 134:189 – 92

Escobedo AA, Hanevik K, Almirall P, Cimerman S, Alfonso M. Management of chronic Giardia infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2014 Sep;12(9):1143-57. doi: 10.1586/14787210.2014.942283.

Hanevik K, Wensaas KA, Rortveit G, Eide GE, Mørch K, Langeland N. Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Chronic Fatigue 6 Years After Giardia Infection: A Controlled Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Aug 12. pii: ciu629.

Stadelmann B, Hanevik K, Andersson MK, Bruserud O, Svärd SG. The role of arginine and arginine-metabolizing enzymes during Giardia - host cell interactions in vitro. BMC Microbiol 2013;13():256. Epub 2013 nov 14 PMID: 24228819

Mørch K, Hanevik K, Rivenes AC, Bødtker JE, Næss H, Stubhaug B, Wensaas KA, Rortveit G, Eide GE, Hausken T and Langeland N. Chronic fatigue syndrome 5 years after giardiasis: differential diagnoses, characteristics and natural course. BMC Gastroenterology 2013, 13:28. Epub 2013 febr 06

Hanevik K, Kristoffersen EK, Sørnes S, Mørch K, Næss H, Rivenes AC, Bødtker JE, Hausken T, Langeland N. Immunophenotyping in post-giardiasis functional gastrointestinal disease and chronic fatigue syndrome. BMC Infect Dis 2012 Oct;12(1):258. Epub 2012 okt 14
PMID: 23061432

Hunskar GS, Langeland N, Wensaas KA, Hanevik K, Eide GE, Mørch K, Rortveit G. The impact of atopic disease on the risk of post-infectious fatigue and irritable bowel syndrome 3 years after Giardia infection. A historic cohort study.  Scand J Gastroenterol 2012 Sep;8-9(47):956-61. Epub 2012 jul 2  PMID: 22746290

Wensaas KA, Langeland N, Hanevik K, Mørch K, Eide GE, Rortveit G.
Irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue 3 years after acute giardiasis: historic cohort study. Gut 2012 Feb;61(2):214-9. Epub 2011 sep 12  PMID: 21911849

Hanevik K, Kristoffersen E, Svard S, Bruserud Ø, Ringqvist E, Sørnes S, Langeland N. Human cellular immune response against Giardia lamblia 5 years after acute giardiasis. J Infect Dis 2011 Dec;204(11):1779-86. Epub 2011 okt 11 PMID: 21990423

Hanevik K, Dizdar V, Langeland N, Eide G E, Hausken T. Tolerability and effect of mesalazine in postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011 Jul;34(2):259-60. PMID: 21679211

Robertson LJ, Hanevik K, Escobedo AA, Mørch K, Langeland N. Giardiasis-why do the symptoms sometimes never stop?  Trends Parasitol 2010 Feb;26(2):75-82. Epub 2010 jan 6 PMID: 20056486

Wensaas KA, Langeland N, Rortveit G. Post-infectious gastrointestinal symptoms after acute Giardiasis. A 1-year follow-up in general practice. Fam Pract 2010 Jun;27(3):255-9. Epub 2010 mar 22 PMID: 20308244 

Mellingen KM, Midtun A, Hanevik K, Eide GE, Søbstad Ø, Langeland N. Post epidemic giardiasis and gastrointestinal symptoms among preschool children in Bergen, Norway. A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2010;10():163. Epub 2010 mar 26 PMID: 20346102

Escobedo AA, Almirall P, Robertson LJ, Franco RMB, Hanevik K, Mørch K, Cimerman S. Giardiasis: the ever-present threat of a neglected disease.
Infect Disord Drug Targets 2010 Oct;10(5):329-48.  PMID: 20701575

Wensaas KA, Langeland N, Rortveit G. Prevalence of recurring symptoms after infection with Giardia lamblia in a non-endemic area. Scand J Prim Health Care 2009;27(1):12-7. PMID: 19085428
 
Hanevik K, Dizdar V, Langeland N, Hausken T. Development of functional gastrointestinal disorders after Giardia lamblia infection. BMC Gastroenterol 2009;9():27. Epub 2009 apr 21 PMID: 19383162

Mørch K, Hanevik K, Rortveit G, Wensaas KA, Eide GE, Hausken T, Langeland N. Severity of Giardia infection associated with post-infectious fatigue and abdominal symptoms two years after. BMC Infect Dis 2009;9():206. Epub 2009 des 15 PMID: 20003489

Mørch K, Hanevik K, Rortveit G, Wensaas KA, Langeland N. High rate of fatigue and abdominal symptoms two years after an outbreak of giardiasis. Transactions of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2009) 103, 530-532.

Mørch K, Hanevik K, Robertson LJ, Strand EA, Langeland N.Treatment-ladder and genetic characterisation of parasites in refractory giardiasis after an outbreak in Norway.  J Infect. 2008 Apr;56(4):268-73. 

Hanevik K, Mørch K, Eide GE, Langeland N, Hausken T. Effects of albendazole/metronidazole or tetracycline/folate treatments on persisting symptoms after Giardia infection: a randomized open clinical trial. Scand J Infect Dis. 2008;40(6-7):517-22

Strand EA, Robertson LJ,Hanevik K, Alvsvåg JO,Mørch K, Langeland N. Sensitivity of a Giardia antigen test in persistent giardiasis following an extensive outbreak. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2008 Nov;14(11):1069-71.

Hanevik K, Mørch K, Eide GE, Langeland N, Hausken T. Effects of albendazole/metronidazole or tetracycline/folate treatments on persisting symptoms after Giardia infection: a randomised open clinical trial. Scand J Infect Dis. 2008, Vol. 40, No. 6-7 , Pages 517-522

Robertson LJ, Forberg T, Hermansen L, Gjerde BK and Langeland N. Molecular characterisation of giardia isolates from clinical infection following a waterborne outbreak. J Infect. 2007 Jul;55(1):79-88. Epub 2007 Mar 26.

Robertson LJ, Forberg T, Hermansen L,  Gjerde B, Langeland N. Demographics of giardia infections in Bergen, Norway, subsequent to a waterborne outbreak. Scand J Infect Dis. 2007 Jul 31;:1-4

Ha​nevik K, Hausken T, Morken MH, Strand EA, Mørch K, Coll P, Helgeland L, Langeland N. Persisting symptoms and duodenal inflammation related to Giardia duodenalis infections. Journal of infection. Epub Oct 2007.

Nygard K, Schimmer B, Sobstad O, Walde A, Tveit I, Langeland N, Hausken T, Aavitsland P. A large community outbreak of waterborne giardiasis-delayed detection in a non-endemic urban area. BMC Public Health. 2006 May 25;6:141.

Robertson LJ, Forberg T, Hermansen L, Gjerde BK, Alvsvåg JO, Langeland N. Cryptosporidium parvum infectionsin Bergen, Norway, during an extensive outbreak of waterborne giardiasis in autumn and winter 2004. App Environ Microbiol. 2006;72(3):2218-20

Robertson LJ, Hermansen L, Gjerde BK, Strand E, Alvsvåg JO, Langeland N.  Application of genotyping during an extensive outbreak of waterborne giardiasis in Bergen, Norway, during autumn and winter 2004. Appl.Environ.Microbiol. 2006; 72:2212-7.​


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