3506 tilfeldig utvalgte personer i alderen 47-48 og 71-73 år bosatt i Bergen, gjennomførte spirometri-test og fylte ut et spørreskjema om søvn, respiratoriske symptomer og tidligere sykehistorie. OSA ble definert ved positive svar på spørsmål om snorking, pustestopp og søvnighet. Nåværende astma ble definert ved diagnostisert astma og nåværende bruk av astmamedisiner.
Logistiske regresjonsanalyser, inkludert interaksjonsanalyser mellom kjønn og de ulike variablene, ble brukt for å undersøke sammenheng mellom OSA og nåværende astma, lungefunksjonstester før og etter bronkodilator, røykevaner og respiratoriske symptomer. Alle modeller justerte for alder, kjønn, midje-hoftemål og røyking.
Studien konkluderer med at astma var forbundet med økt risiko for OSA. Kvinner, men ikke menn med kronisk luftstrømbegrensning, hadde økt risiko for OSA.
Associations between obstructive lung disease and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea in a general population.
Studien er publisert i The Clinical Respiratory Journal
Trygve Muller Jonassen, Tomas Mikal Eagan, Bjørn Bjorvatn, Sverre Lehmann
OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence of self-reported symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in relation to asthma, respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function. A secondary objective was to determine how sex impacted these relationships.
METHODS: A random sample of all adults aged 47-48 and 71-73 years living in Bergen, Norway, were invited. Participants (3506, 69%) underwent spirometry testing and completed a questionnaire on sleep, respiratory symptoms and past medical history. OSA was defined by positive answers to questions on snoring, breathing cessations and daytime sleepiness. Current asthma was defined by ever having received a physician's diagnosis of asthma and current use of anti-asthma medication. Logistic regression analyses, including interaction analyses between sex and the different explanatory variables, were used to examine associations between OSA and current asthma, pre- and post-bronchodilator pulmonary function tests, smoking habits and respiratory symptoms. All models were adjusted for age, sex, waist-hip ratio and smoking.
RESULTS: OSA was more prevalent in the middle-aged compared to the elderly (6.2% vs 3.6%), and in subjects reporting respiratory symptoms. 4.8% had OSA and 6.1% had current asthma. Current asthma and the lowest quartile of post-bronchodilator FVC were significantly associated with OSA with ORs of 2.5 (1.5, 4.2) and 1.7 (1.1, 2.7), respectively. In interaction analyses, women with post-bronchodilator FEV1 /FVC < 0.7 had an increased risk of OSA [OR of 4.1 (1.7, 9.7)] compared to women with a FEV1 /FVC ≥ 0.7.
CONCLUSIONS:Current asthma was associated with increased risk of OSA. Women with chronic airflow limitation, but not men, had increased risk of OSA.