Insomni midt i svangerskapet og assosiasjon til depressive symptomer

Insomni og depresjon, lidelser som ofte er relatert til hverandre rammer mange gravide i løpet av svangerskapet. Forskere fra Ålesund sykehus, NTNU, Universitetet i Oslo, Regionalt kompetansesenter for barn og unge (RKBU), St Olavs hospital og Oslo universitetssykehus har i denne studien undersøkt sammenheng mellom insomni midt i svangerskapet og depresjon i svangerskapet og 8 uker etter fødselen hos 539 kvinner. Forskjeller i depresjon og insomni, døgnrytmepreferanse og søvneffektivitet ble undersøkt ved de to tidspunktene, samt eventuelle forskjeller mellom førstegangs- og flergangsfødende. Forskerne fant at insomni i midten av svangerskapet kan være en markør for samtidig depresjon, men ikke en prediktor for depresjon etter fødselen. Fremtidig forskning bør undersøke i hvilken grad behandling av insomni fra midten av svangerskapet kan redusere både insomni og depresjon i svangerskapet og etter fødsel.

Publisert 20.05.2021

Mid-Pregnancy Insomnia and its Association with Perinatal Depressive Symptoms: A Prospective Cohort Study,

Rannveig S Osnes, Malin Eberhard-Gran, Turid Follestad, Håvard Kallestad, Gunnar Morken, John Olav Roaldset

Studien er publisert i Behavioral Sleep Medicine

Objective/Background: Insomnia and depression are disorders that affect many perinatal women and that often are interrelated. The present study aimed to examine concurrent and prospective associations between mid-pregnancy insomnia and depression during mid-pregnancy and 8 weeks postpartum. Furthermore, differences in depression and in the sleep-related characteristics insomnia, chronotype, and sleep efficiency were explored between the two time points (mid-pregnancy versus 8 weeks postpartum), and between primiparous and multiparous participants.
Participants/Methods: The study was part of the Norwegian population-based Depression and Anxiety in the Perinatal Period (DAPP) prospective cohort study. Among 539 women that were recruited for participation when receiving a routine ultrasound examination, we analyzed data from hospital birth records and questionnaire responses from pregnancy week 17 and postpartum week 8. We used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to measure depression. The Bergen Insomnia Scale, the reduced Horne-Östberg Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and three questions from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to measure the sleep-related characteristics.
Results: Mid-pregnancy insomnia was significantly associated with concurrent depression (p < .001), but not with postpartum depression (p = .288), in a linear mixed model with adjustment for several reproductive and psychosocial variables. Sleep efficiency was reduced from mid-pregnancy to postpartum (from 88% to 77%), and primiparous women reported less efficient sleep than multiparous women after childbirth.
Conclusions: The results indicate that mid-pregnancy insomnia may be a marker for concurrent depression but not a predictor of postpartum depression. Future research should examine the extent to which treatment of insomnia from mid-pregnancy on reduces both perinatal insomnia and depression.